{"id":63670,"date":"2020-11-30T19:16:40","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T15:46:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670"},"modified":"2020-11-30T19:16:40","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T15:46:40","slug":"5-of-the-most-important-vaccines-in-history","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en","title":{"rendered":"5 of the most important vaccines in history"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left\">For many scientists worldwide, the year 2020 was a race to develop a vaccine for the coronavirus. Designing and testing a vaccine is a slow process \u2014 but once a vaccine is available, it can slow the spread of infection and disease.<\/p>\n<aside class=\"inline-recirc\"><\/aside>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">&#8220;The COVID-19 pandemic is a living testament to the need for vaccines,&#8221; says<a href=\"https:\/\/departments.bryant.edu\/science-and-technology\/faculty\/hokeness-kirsten\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Kirsten Hokeness<\/a>, PhD, professor and chair of the department of science and technology at Bryant University.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Any vaccine is an achievement. Some, however, stand out as being historically significant. Here are five of the most important vaccines ever developed:<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-63671 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"630\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L-1024x538.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>The smallpox vaccine<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/smallpox\/vaccines\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Smallpox was the first successful vaccine<\/a>, developed in 1796 by Edward Jenner. &#8220;Jenner really popularized the procedure, making it a common practice,&#8221; says Hokeness.<\/p>\n<div id=\"gpt-post-health-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-2\" class=\"ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop is-collapsible height-250\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">The<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/smallpox\/vaccines\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0WHO<\/a>\u00a0describes smallpox as &#8220;one of the deadliest diseases known to humans.&#8221; This virus leads to flu-like symptoms followed by pus-filled blisters on your body, per the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/smallpox\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20353027\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Mayo Clinic<\/a>. Hokeness notes that historically, it killed<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/smallpox\/clinicians\/clinical-disease.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0three out of every 10 people<\/a>\u00a0who contracted the disease.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Smallpox is the only disease ever to be<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/csr\/disease\/smallpox\/vaccines\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0eradicated worldwide<\/a>. That means that these days, no one receives the smallpox vaccine \u2014 it&#8217;s no longer necessary. This elimination of the disease &#8220;is one of the greatest international public health achievements,&#8221; says Hokeness.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>The polio vaccine\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">When the polio vaccine became available, people lined up around the block to get it, says<a href=\"https:\/\/www1.villanova.edu\/villanova\/artsci\/biology\/facstaff\/biodetail.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Joseph Comber<\/a>, PhD, a biology professor at Villanova University.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">&#8220;The visions of children using iron lungs to survive are permanently ingrained in our history of infectious disease,&#8221; says Hokeness.<\/p>\n<div id=\"gpt-post-health-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-3\" class=\"ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop is-collapsible height-250\" style=\"text-align: left\">\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_\/4442842\/insider\/health-reference\/post_8__container__\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Children are particularly at risk for poliomyelitis, a highly infectious virus that spreads through contact with someone who has the infection, as well as through contaminated food and water, says Hokeness. In some people with polio, it can lead to paralysis, which can be permanent, per the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/poliomyelitis#tab=tab_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0WHO<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Today, the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/vpd\/polio\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC<\/a>) recommends that children get four doses of the polio vaccine, beginning at two months of age. There hasn&#8217;t been a new polio case in the United States since 1979, Hokeness says. Around the world, the number of cases has decreased as well \u2014<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/poliomyelitis#tab=tab_1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0in 2018, there were just 33 cases<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: left\"><strong>The MMR vaccine\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">Today, kids get two doses of the MMR vaccine, which protects against measles, mumps, and rubella \u2014 one at 12 to 15 months, and a second dose at ages 4 to 6. The vaccine is highly<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/measles\/vaccination.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0effective<\/a>\u00a0against the measles, which is a very contagious respiratory virus.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">&#8220;It is so contagious that if one person has it, up to 90% of the people around him or her will also become infected if they are not protected,&#8221;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/measles\/vaccination.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0notes the CDC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">And the consequences are severe: measles can lead to pneumonia, encephalitis (brain swelling), and in some cases death, says Hokeness. Vaccines for measles became available in 1963. Before vaccines were available,<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/measles\/vaccination.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a03 to 4 million people<\/a>\u00a0got the measles annually.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">In the year 2000, thanks to widely available and effective immunizations, measles was declared eradicated in the United States. More recently, however, measles outbreaks began to occur again. In 2019, there were 1,282 cases of measles in the United States, per the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/measles\/cases-outbreaks.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0CDC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">This is a result of a few factors. Some vaccines, like measles, offer waning immunity, and you may need to get a booster, which is a follow-up shot that supplements the initial vaccine.\u00a0 In addition,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.businessinsider.com\/lies-anti-vaxxers-spread-about-measles-vaccine-debunked-2019-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">misconceptions about vaccines<\/a>\u00a0have led some parents to not vaccinate their children, and since the virus is not eradicated world-wide, travel to hotspots can lead to outbreaks.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left\">&#8220;The recurring outbreaks of this disease have also fostered the paramount need for vaccinations to protect our population and the risks we face from lapses in vaccinations,&#8221; says Hokeness.<\/p>\n<div id=\"gpt-post-health-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-5\" class=\"ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop is-collapsible height-250\" style=\"text-align: left\">\n<h2><strong>The Tdap vaccine\u00a0<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The Tdap vaccine protects against three diseases: tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis. All three of these diseases are caused by bacteria and have the potential to be deadly.<\/p>\n<p>Pertussis \u2014 better known as whooping cough \u2014 can be life-threatening for babies, although it&#8217;s<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/parents\/schedules\/reasons-follow-schedule.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0not as serious for adults<\/a>. Until they are old enough to get the vaccination, &#8220;infants rely on everyone around them being vaccinated against whooping cough,&#8221; says Comber, who lists the pertussis vaccine as being especially significant.<\/p>\n<p>During each pregnancy, women need to get the Tdap vaccine, as the immunization may<a href=\"https:\/\/www.immunize.org\/askexperts\/experts_per.asp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0help protect the baby.<\/a>\u00a0Anyone who will be around a baby \u2014 friends, family, healthcare professionals, daycare employees, and so on \u2014 should also make sure they have this vaccine and any necessary booster.<\/p>\n<p>Before pertussis vaccinations, about 200,000 US children became sick with it each year, and about 9,000 children died as a result of the disease. Now, per the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/pertussis\/about\/faqs.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0CDC<\/a>, there are only about 10,000 to 40,000 cases each year, and very few deaths.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-63672 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/coronavaccineRGB-1160x804.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1160\" height=\"804\" srcset=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/coronavaccineRGB-1160x804.jpg 1160w, https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/coronavaccineRGB-1160x804-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/coronavaccineRGB-1160x804-768x532.jpg 768w, https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/coronavaccineRGB-1160x804-1024x710.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1160px) 100vw, 1160px\" \/><\/p>\n<div id=\"gpt-post-health-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-6\" class=\"ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop is-collapsible height-250\">\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_\/4442842\/insider\/health-reference\/post_11__container__\">\n<h2><strong>The HPV vaccine<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>The history of the HPV vaccine is not so distant \u2014 this vaccine first became available in<a href=\"https:\/\/www.kff.org\/womens-health-policy\/fact-sheet\/the-hpv-vaccine-access-and-use-in-the-u-s\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a02006<\/a>. Human papillomavirus, or HPV, is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US, with<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hpv\/parents\/vaccine\/six-reasons.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a014 million Americans<\/a>\u00a0contracting HPV each year.<\/p>\n<p>There are many strains of this virus \u2014 some of them are linked with cancer, including cervical cancer, penile cancer, and cancers of the back of the throat. Vaccination has led to a 29% decrease in cervical cancer, according to a 2018 study from the<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ajpmonline.org\/article\/S0749-3797(18)31641-6\/fulltext#s0055\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a0American Journal of Preventive Medicine<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;This vaccine is one of the closest things we have to a cure for cancer,&#8221; says Hokeness. The HPV vaccine is given in either two or three doses to children and teens \u2014 getting this immunization at a young age, before sexual encounters, is what makes it effective.<\/p>\n<h2><strong>Insider&#8217;s takeaway<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p>Vaccines are important because they save lives. For example, the WHO estimates that immunizations save\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/facts-in-pictures\/detail\/immunization\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">2-3 million lives<\/a>, each year, from diseases like diphtheria, pertussis, measles, and influenza.<\/p>\n<div id=\"gpt-post-health-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-7\" class=\"ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop is-collapsible height-250\">\n<div id=\"google_ads_iframe_\/4442842\/insider\/health-reference\/post_12__container__\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The effectiveness of vaccines, however, depends on everyone continuing to get them \u2014 as some vaccines aren&#8217;t safe to administer until babies are 12 months old.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;It&#8217;s really important to get vaccines \u2014 not only are you protecting yourself and your kids, but you&#8217;re also protecting other people in the community,&#8221; says Comber.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"gpt-post-health-desktop_in_post_ad-desktop-4\" class=\"ad ad-wrapper fluid in-post only-desktop is-collapsible height-188\" style=\"text-align: left\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For many scientists worldwide, the year 2020 was a race to develop a vaccine for the coronavirus. Designing and testing a vaccine is a slow process \u2014 but once a vaccine is available, it can slow the spread of infection and disease. &#8220;The COVID-19 pandemic is a living testament to the need for vaccines,&#8221; says\u00a0Kirsten &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":63671,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[58978],"tags":[65064],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>5 of the most important vaccines in history - Nasim Word<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&#038;lang=en\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"5 of the most important vaccines in history - Nasim Word\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"For many scientists worldwide, the year 2020 was a race to develop a vaccine for the coronavirus. Designing and testing a vaccine is a slow process \u2014 but once a vaccine is available, it can slow the spread of infection and disease. &#8220;The COVID-19 pandemic is a living testament to the need for vaccines,&#8221; says\u00a0Kirsten &hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&amp;lang=en\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Nasim Word\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-11-30T15:46:40+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0633\u062a\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"M.M\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/\",\"name\":\"Nasim Word\",\"description\":\"\u067e\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0633\u06cc\u0645\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"fa-IR\"},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en#primaryimage\",\"inLanguage\":\"fa-IR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/07-Blog-Vaccines-L.jpg\",\"width\":1200,\"height\":630},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en\",\"name\":\"5 of the most important vaccines in history - Nasim Word\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en#primaryimage\"},\"datePublished\":\"2020-11-30T15:46:40+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-11-30T15:46:40+00:00\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/#\/schema\/person\/8d0af02bb8aeb0089bc58fd45b8ffbfb\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fa-IR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"5 of the most important vaccines in history\"}]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/#\/schema\/person\/8d0af02bb8aeb0089bc58fd45b8ffbfb\",\"name\":\"M.M\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/#personlogo\",\"inLanguage\":\"fa-IR\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cbaebd6fec2603944f0efff1beb91813?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/cbaebd6fec2603944f0efff1beb91813?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"M.M\"},\"url\":\"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?author=31\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"5 of the most important vaccines in history - Nasim Word","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/nasimword.ir\/?p=63670&lang=en","og_locale":"fa_IR","og_type":"article","og_title":"5 of the most important vaccines in history - Nasim Word","og_description":"For many scientists worldwide, the year 2020 was a race to develop a vaccine for the coronavirus. 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